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Royalty at Versailles

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13, avenue de Saint-Cloud 78000 Versailles, France
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Lot 3 - CHAUMETTE (Pierre-Gaspard). Autograph letter signed to his friend Jean-Eugin Thomas. S.l.n.d. 2 pp. 1/4 in-4, address on spine; small loss due to opening without affecting text, some old restorations. INTERESTING LETTER ON THE RELIGIOUS QUESTION BY THE MAN WHO WOULD BECOME ONE OF THE MOST RELENTLESS SPOKESMEN OF THE DECHRISTIANIZATION CAMPAIGN WAGED IN 1793. " ... I am very sensitive to your memory, I would like to be in a position to be useful to you, I would do it with all my heart, but THE DEVIL IS IN MY KITCHENS, POLITICS ARE TURNING MY HEAD, I hardly notice my existence, for I no longer live for myself, my days and nights are devoted to politics. THE NEW LAWS [notably on the CIVIL CONSTITUTION OF THE CLERK, in July 1790] HAVE CHANGED NEITHER ORDER, NOR THE MISSION OF PRIESTS, NOR CULTE, NOR MORAL, they have changed nothing in intelligent harmony, they have only changed its vitiated mode and brought it closer to the principles of universal reason. France has not demolished its church, but rather polished its stones, bringing it back to its origins and patriarchal simplicity. The oath decreed by the Ass[emblée] Nat[ionale] has been like the sieve that separates the chaff from the wheat; THOSE WHO HAVE NOT SUBMITTED TO IT HAVE DECEALED TO HAVE AN AVARE AND PERFID HEART; they have shown that they were unworthy of their mission... You ask me how to study theology. Ah, my God! Well, my friend, the best way to succeed in this study is to burden your memory with this trivial jumble, and be careful to submit it to the light of common sense. Theology, bone Deus! Learn your lesson and that's it; but READ LOCKE, ROUSSEAU, VOLTAIRE AND BERNARDIN DE ST-PIERRE. THIS IS WHAT WILL FORM YOUR HEART AND MIND, this is the reading that will make you happy in whatever situation you find yourself... Don't forget me... I'll always be your friend, because I know the difference between a man and his clothes... " Jean-Eugin Thomas, who had entered the ecclesiastical profession, would eventually establish himself as a notary in Chapallement in the Nièvre region (Chaumette was born in Nevers). PROSECUTOR OF THE PARIS COMMUNE FROM 1792, PIERRE-GASPARD CHAUMETTE (1763-1794) embraced the most radical ideas of the Revolution, particularly in favor of the poorest sections of society, and played an important role in preparing the day of August 10, 1792, which led to the fall of royalty. He was also a member of the Société des Amis des Noirs (Society of Friends of the Blacks), and played a key role in getting the Convention to adopt the abolition of slavery. Although himself an opponent of the Gironde, he came up against the hostility of Maximilien de Robespierre: accused of being a foreign agent, he was brought before the Revolutionary Tribunal and executed in April 1794.

Estim. 400 - 500 EUR

Lot 6 - MARAT (Jean-Paul). Autograph letter signed "Le Dr Marat" [to Alexis Rochon]. Paris, January 25, 1788. One p. 1/2 in-4; small foxing, one crack restored. A physician and physicist by trade, the future publicist and conventioneer Jean-Paul Marat criticized certain aspects of Isaac Newton's theories on optics, particularly with regard to the differential refrangibility of light. However, he also sought recognition for his own scientific work from the Académie des Sciences, which held it to Newtonian orthodoxy. So, at the end of 1787, he published a translation of the Opticks treatise that the great English scientist had published in 1704: in it, he affirmed his admiration for the latter, but set out his own ideas on various points in a critical commentary accompanying his translation. "I DO NOT IGNORE, MONSIEUR, THAT YOU ARE THE FIRST WHO HAS ATTACKED, WITH KNOWLEDGE OF CAUSE, THE DOCTRINE OF DIFFERENT REFRANGIBILITY; and I have no doubt that you would not have overthrown it, had you turned your views to the facts on which it is based. Chance has spared me this work, and although we still differ in principles, the love of truth unites us, AND I AM PLEASED THAT YOU WOULD WISH TO RECEIVE MY WORK AS A MARK OF ESTIMATE. Examine it, Sir, with the impartiality and discernment you have shown so often; note the little-known facts it contains, weigh the new proofs it develops; and if it deserves your approval, deign to contribute to the triumph of truth; with the generous zeal of a true scrutinizer of nature..." THEN SUB-DIRECTOR OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCE, ABBE ROCHON (1741-1817) had acquired a certain notoriety as a physicist, astronomer and optician. Born Alexis-Marie de Rochon de Fournoux, in 1765 he was appointed keeper of the instruments and library of the Académie de Marine in Brest, carried out scientific missions in Morocco, the Cape of Good Hope, the South Seas and Madagascar, and became an associate member of the Académie de Marine (1774), keeper of the king's private physics and optics cabinet at La Muette (1775). He invented a prismatic micrometer using the birefringence of rock crystal (1777), which opened the doors of the Académie des Sciences to him in 1780, and enabled him to obtain the post of optician astronomer to the Navy in 1787. During the French Revolution (1791), he served as General Commissioner of Coins, before returning to his native Brittany under the Terror. Having regained his position at the Institut, he was appointed Director of the Paris Observatory (1795-1805).

Estim. 2 000 - 2 500 EUR

Lot 7 - MENUS - Set of 2 manuscripts, ONE SIGNED BY LE COMTE DE PROVENCE, FUTUR LOUIS XVIII. - MENUZ DE LA MAISON DU ROY pour l'annee 1621". 16 pp. in a bound folio; some marginal wetness. List detailing in minute detail (hence the title) the provisions for the various officers and employees of the King's household: grand-master, chamberlains, butlers, valets de chambre, bailiffs, etc. These provisions include bread, butter, wine, beer, etc., as well as other foodstuffs. These include bread, wine and meats. The latter are indicated according to the officers to whom they are to be served, and according to the meals ("disner, antree et potages", "rost", "soupper"): sheep, goats, pigeons, capons, hens, guinea fowl ("poulle d'Inde"), etc. - "MENU GENERAL DE LA MAISON DE MONSEIGNEUR COMTE DE PROVENCE pour l'année mil sept cent soixante-quatorze composée de 365 jours, dont 220 en gras et 145 en maigre". Versailles, April 17, 1774. 68 pp. in-folio in a notebook. Document detailing the provisions needed for the table of the Count of Provence and those of the various officers and civil and military employees of his House: banneterie (bread), échansonnerie (wine), cuisine (meat and fish according to meals and fat or lean days), pâtisserie ("fours" and pâtés), officers' supplies ("salt, vinegar, oranges, lemons, verjuice, spices, sugar, truffles, mushrooms, morels.. herbs..."), wax, wood and coal (for summer and winter), deliveries, etc. On fat days, for example, the prince is served lunch and a broth, dinner (two soups, three starters, two hors d'oeuvres, a rôt), supper (two soups, starters, a rôt), with capons, chickens, hens, partridges, woodcocks, rabbits, game, etc. For leaner days, we use salmon, carp, perch, brill, whitefish, mackerel, sole, smelt, crayfish, cod, etc.

Estim. 400 - 500 EUR

Lot 8 - PAUL III (ALESSANDRO FARNESE, KNOWN AS). Autograph letter signed with his initial ".A.", TO KING FRANÇOIS I. Castel Sant'Angelo, Rome, February 8, 1541 [1540 c. s.]. 1 p. folio. PAUL III INTERESTED PROMOTER OF PEACE. The rivalry between Francis I and Charles V conditioned much of the European politics of the time, particularly in Italy, where both sovereigns had interests. Paul III wanted to reform the Church and reduce the Protestant question, and was thinking of a great Council that would allow him to have it both ways. He also actively pursued the project of securing his family's fortune and practiced unbridled nepotism, having, for example, appointed two of his grandsons cardinals. Elected in part for his position of neutrality towards France and the Empire, he pursued this line, which alone served his public and private projects. He was, for example, behind the Truce of Nice between Francis I and Charles V. One of the great popes of the Renaissance, Alessandro Farnese is best known for launching the Council of Trent, approving the founding of the Society of Jesus and, as a brilliant patron of the arts, employing Michelangelo to decorate the Sistine Chapel. THE AVIGNON AFFAIR AND THE DUC DE MONTMORENCY. The connétable, a powerful minister whose star was fading, wanted the legation of Avignon for his nephew Cardinal Odet de Coligny-Châtillon. He had obtained from the current legate, Cardinal de Clermont, his resignation in favor of Châtillon, but Paul III wanted it for his nephew Alessandro Farnese, already archbishop of Avignon: the pope therefore opposed this resignation, and, after first promising that Châtillon would receive the legation on Clermont's death, finally gave it to Allessandro Farnese in March 1541. Montmorency was already opposed to the Pope in another matter, that of the marriage of the Duc d'Aumale, to whom Paul III proposed his niece, Vittoria Farnese. THE PRESENT LETTER IS A FIN DE NON RECEVOIR CONCERNING THE CONNETABLE'S VIEWS OF AVIGNON, which he cannot access "without scandal". "Charissime in Christo fili salutem et apostolicam benedictionem. Monsr de Limoges, ambasciatore di Vostra Maestà, me ha data questa ultima lettera sua, e ne ha soggionto quel di più che da Lei haveva in commissione, e, perché con esso ne siamo satisfatti de la risposta, et l'habbiamo fatto bene capace de la verità, e de la mala informatione che e stata data a Vostra Maestà circa al negotio de la resignatione de la legatione de Avignone, e da poi ne havemo ancor ragionato con il protectore e con mons. de Ferara quali sonno bene resoluti, oltra questo che havemo fatto scrivere de novo al legato et al nuntio, non replicaremo altro per la presente a Vostra Maestà salvo che la pregamo a tenere per certo che noi la amamo et l'havemo amata sempre cordialissimamente, e che, si come fin qui havemo piena satisfatione de non havere mai pretermessa cosa con la quale habbiamo possuto COMPIACERLA E GRATIFICARLA, cossi speramo che in lo avenire quando si presenti altra occasione megliore e CHE SENZA SCANDALO SI POSSA FARE, COME HORA NON SI PÒ, sia per cognoscerece del medesimo bono animo verso Lei e MONS. CONESTABILE, il quale havemo conosciuto bono servitore di Vostra Maestà et affectionato a questa Sede apostolica et alle cose nostre particularmente, e TENEMO DESIDERIO DE FARLI COSA GRATA. QUANTO ALLA PACE, CHE SOPRA OGNIALTRA COSA DESIDERAMO, come sa Vostra Maestà, speramo che Lei, si come, con la prudentia e bontà sua, ha dato fin qui cossi bono principio, dil che la laudamo e ringratiamo molto, cossi la debbia condure al perfetto fine, per benefitio universale, dil [che] di bono core la pregamo - et il medesimo faremo con la Cesaria Maestà... "

Estim. 1 000 - 1 500 EUR

Lot 9 - LESZCZYNSKA (Marie). Autograph letter signed "Marie" to principal minister André-Hercule de Fleury. S.l., "ce 3" [July 3, 1729, according to an early notation in ink by another hand]. One p. in-4, address on spine with 2 armorial black wax seals retained. "YOUR LETTER, MY DEAR CARDINAL, HAS FILLED ME WITH JOY BY EVERYTHING YOU TELL ME ABOUT THE KING MY FATHER [STANISLAS LESZCZYNSKI]. As I know his feelings for you, nothing pleases me more than to know that yours are the ones I desire. It is an interesting union for the contentment of my life, that I would never have a more lively attention than that of maintaining it more and more. Quan[t] à mon départ, je raporte à ce que je vous ai dit hier que je ne suis pas assez maîtresse de moi-même pour prendre le parti entre l'empressement que j'ay de voir le roy et la crainte des suites [peut-être une allusion à son état de grossesse, alors qu'elle donneait naissance à un fils le 4 septembre 1729]... et il n'y a que l'ordre du roy qui puisse déterminer me pour me tranquiliser dans l'inquiétude où je suis. Please let me know his will. You know that I have none other than his, and that I will always act on your salutary advice, which I await with impatience and am, my most cherished Cardinal, yours with all my heart...". CARDINAL FLEURY, ONE OF THE GREAT STATE MEN OF THE 18th CENTURY. Hercule-André de Fleury (1653-1713) was very pious, but no less well-versed in worldly affairs. He became chaplain to Queen Marie-Thérèse, then quarterly chaplain to the King, and accompanied Cardinal Forbin-Janson on his mission to Rome in 1690. In 1698, he obtained the bishopric of Fréjus, which he did not win until 1701, but where he proved to be an apostolic bishop close to the people. He always worked for peace, notably in 1707 during the War of the Spanish Succession, when he received Victor-Amédée of Savoy and Prince Eugène, who had come to lay siege to Toulon, in his bishopric. His attitude made an impression, and he was offered an archbishopric, which he refused; he even renounced his see of Fréjus and returned to Versailles, where he was given the title of tutor to the future Louis XV. He won the latter's confidence, and in 1726 was appointed principal minister (the same year the Pope made him a cardinal): he pursued a policy of appeasement on all fronts - internal, external and religious.

Estim. 800 - 1 000 EUR

Lot 38 - Jean-François BLONDEL (1683-1756) "Elévation et décoration de la grande salle de bal", "Côté de l'orchestre", "Côté du grand balcon". 49 x 67 cm (view) Watercolor gouache and black ink. Insolations and small gaps. Under glass, wood frame and gilded stucco. Magnificent preparatory watercolor for the book "Fêtes publiques données par la ville de Paris à l'occasion du Mariage de Monseigneur le Dauphin, les 23 et 26 février MDCCXLV" of which the Louvre, among other great collections, holds a printed copy from the Edmond de Rothschild collections (L 198 LR). To celebrate the princely marriage, the city of Paris erected six large buildings in selected locations, each of which "for the magnificence of its decorations, both interior and exterior, appeared to be the unique object of a grand Fête". The two-day festivities, which culminated on February 26 at the Hotel de Ville, featured buffets, orchestras, illuminations, flowers and ceremonies whose sumptuousness justified the production of this engraved collection. For the decorations at the Hotel de Ville, Lange worked on the sculptural decoration of the ballroom, Duparc supplied the earthenware goblets and the famous Gersaint the furniture. Witness the order of July 30, 1745: "to pay cash to Sieur Gersaint, merchant jeweler, the sum of eighteen hundred and forty-three pounds that we have ordered and order him by these presents for the rent of the porcelain furniture by him supplied in various rooms of the Hotel de Ville during the ball given by the city in the month of February last on the occasion of the marriage of M. le dauphin" (see Guillaume Glorieux, "A l'Enseigne de Gersaint", Champ Vallon 2002).

Estim. 3 000 - 4 000 EUR

Lot 39 - Jean-François BLONDEL (1683-1756) "Perspective view of the ballroom, built in the courtyard of the Hôtel de Ville". 50.5 x 78.2 cm Watercolor gouache and black ink. Insolation, traces of humidity, small gaps at edges and stains. Under glass, wood frame and gilded stucco. Magnificent preparatory watercolor for the book "Fêtes publiques données par la ville de Paris à l'occasion du Mariage de Monseigneur le Dauphin, les 23 et 26 février MDCCXLV", of which the Louvre, among other great collections, holds a printed copy from the Edmond de Rothschild collections (L 198 LR). To celebrate the princely marriage, the city of Paris erected six large buildings in selected locations, "the magnificence of their decorations, both interior and exterior, each of which seemed to be particularly suited to being the unique object of a grand Fête". The two-day festivities, which culminated on February 26 at the Hotel de Ville, featured buffets, orchestras, illuminations, flowers and ceremonies whose sumptuousness justified the production of this engraved collection. For the decorations at the Hotel de Ville, Lange worked on the sculptural decoration of the ballroom, Duparc supplied the earthenware goblets and the famous Gersaint the furniture. Witness the order of July 30, 1745: "to pay cash to Sieur Gersaint, merchant jeweler, the sum of eighteen hundred and forty-three pounds that we have ordered and order him by these presents for the rent of the porcelain furniture by him supplied in various rooms of the Hotel de Ville during the ball given by the city in the month of February last on the occasion of the marriage of M. le dauphin" (see Guillaume Glorieux, "A l'Enseigne de Gersaint", Champ Vallon 2002).

Estim. 3 000 - 4 000 EUR

Lot 66 - Equestrian group representing Louis XIV after Martin van den Bogaerts, known as Martin Desjardins; standing on a brown tortoiseshell and engraved brass base decorated with quartefoils in lozenges, the uprights with cornucopia-shaped falls, decorated with canals and lion's heads (small missing at the back). Signed in bronze and wood by Escalier de cristal in Paris. Louis XIV style, 19th century. H : 66 cm, W : 54 cm, D : 20 cm Bibliographical references M. Martin, Les Monuments équestres de Louis XIV, Paris, 1986. A. and D. Masseau, L'Escalier de cristal, Saint-Remy-en-l'Eau, 2021. Martins Desjardins had originally planned to create two equestrian statues of Louis XIV in the 1680s. Only the monument for the city of Lyon was finally executed (a reduction of the Aix-en-Provence model was sold in Paris, Sotheby's, October 18, 2006, lot 18). The statue still adorns the Place Bellecour and illustrates the "propaganda enterprise" of the French monarchy, whereby Louis XIV, at the height of his glory, commissioned the erection of an equestrian statue of himself in ten major cities, including Paris (Place des Victoires), Dijon and Rennes. Several reductions were probably made in the late 17th or early 18th century. The Escalier de cristal company, run by brothers Henry and Georges Pannier, offered the Louis XIV resting on plinths to be chosen by the customer, either in Boulle marquetry or in marble; the so-called "rich" plinth in Boulle marquetry is well described in Henry Pannier's (1855-1935) "carnet bleu" with "cornes d'abondance" (A. and D. Masseau, L'Escalier de cristal, Saint-Remy-en-l'Eau, 2021, p. 263 (ill.). Larminet Davioud Collection.

Estim. 20 000 - 25 000 EUR