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Description

An Ejagham Headdress

Headpiece Ekoi cultural group, Nigeria / Cameroon Mit Sockel / with base Wood, leather, rattan, textile. H 43 cm. Provenance: - Private collection Düsseldorf. - Christie's London, 16.10.1979. Lot 196. - Unknown collection. - Christie's London, 10.11.1981. Lot 140. - unknown collection. - Christie's London, 28.06.1988, lot 94. - Sandro Bocola (1931-2022), Zurich. Published: - Sandro Bocola. Texts and documents of his life and work. Self-published (2021). Page 297. - Schädler, Karl-Ferdinand (1973). Afrikanische Kunst in deutschen Privatsammlungen / African Art in Private German Collections / L'Art Africain dans les Collections Privées Allemandes. Munich: Münchner Buchgewerbehaus GmbH. Described at Christies (London, 28.06.1988, lot 94) as follows: "A FINE EKOI SKIN-COVERED MASK HEADDRESS, the open mouth with filed teeth, the eyes pierced as crescents with central wood stud on metal panels, circular scarifications on temples and center of forehead, the cheeks painted with entwined motifs, quatrefoil coiffure, on openwork ring covered in coloured cloth, minor damages 42cm. high. £600-800 Literature: Schaedler, 1973, no. 325. This work gives the impression of being conceived by the artist as a single whole, not as a succession of processes. One feels the arresting prescience of the spirit, in a manner found only in one or two per cent of Ejagham or Ekoi pieces." -------------------------------------------- Sandro Bocola was already interested in African art at a young age. He began collecting artifacts from this tribe when he bought his first Ekoi mask. The following text about the Ekoi is taken from the publication "Sandro Bocola. Texts and documents of his life and work" (self-published in 2021; pages 294 and 295). The skin-covered masks from the Cross River region of Nigeria and Cameroon are unique in that their design concept and technique are not known in any other part of the world. It is assumed that they spread from the Ekoi people, who number around 200,000 souls, to the other Cross River tribes (the Widekum, Egjaham, Bi-fanka and Anang), which are linguistically related to them, with each of these tribes creating their own type of mask. There has been much speculation about the origins of this practice, but there are some clues. The Ekoi not only supplied European customers working in the port city of Old Calibar as slave traders, but were also headhunters who originally regarded and displayed their captured human heads as trophies. In his famous book In the Shadow of the Bush, published in 1912, Amaury Talbot, a British civil servant and anthropologist with many interests, who undertook several trips to research the Ekoi, reports how the natives performed a war dance in his honor, in which they presented the bleeding heads of their enemies, which had just been cut off and impaled on poles. Several museums also have masks in which the skulls of the decapitated enemies are covered with skin (see the specimen on display). Since this practice was banned by the colonial powers, wood-carved headdresses covered with antelope skin were used as dance masks. In rare cases, however, these were also covered with human skin. One such example can be found in the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford. The broad spectrum of these works is astonishing. In addition to human heads and those that combined human and animal features, skeletons of crocodiles or other animals were also covered with skin. The aesthetics and naturalistic design of these heads caused such a sensation that the Ekoi created a corresponding, equally naturalistic but general type of mask, which they sold in many variations to the European traders, explorers and travelers of Old Calibar. The famous example of this type in the Musee de l'Homme corresponded to Le Corbusier's design ideals, while the surreal, frightening and disturbing Ekoi masks probably did not interest him. Another highly unusual custom of the Ekoi is that after the death of important members of the tribe, their portrait is made as a naturalistically carved, skin-covered head with the hair of the deceased and used as a mask for dances. CHF 2 000 / 4 000 Weight in grams: 1040 Condition: The condition (wear, eventual cracks, tear, other imperfections and the effects of aging etc. if applicable) of this lot is as visible on the multiple photos we have uploaded for your documentation. Please feel free to contact Hammer Auktionen for all questions you might have regarding this lot ([email protected]). Any condition statement given, as a courtesy to a client, is only an opinion and should not be treated as a statement of fact. Hammer Auctions

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An Ejagham Headdress

Estimate 2 000 - 4 000 CHF
Starting price 1 000 CHF

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