Description

Rembrandt van Rijn, Harmenszoon

(1606 Leiden - Amsterdam 1669). The Crucifixion - small plate. Etching on fine laid paper c. 1635. Plgr. 9.5 x 6.7, sheet 10.3 x 7.8 cm. Mounted under passep. New Ho. 143 II (v. III). B. 80. Excellent impression of the II state before the final revisions. Well preserved. Relatively rare. D

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Rembrandt van Rijn, Harmenszoon

Estimate 4 000 - 6 000 EUR
Starting price 4 000 EUR

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For sale on Friday 05 Jul : 10:00 (CEST)
pforzheim, Germany
Kiefer
+49723192320
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Spanish school of the 17th century and later. Carved and polychrome wood. Later polychrome. Presents faults. Measurements: 94 x 64 x 13 cm. Christ of three nails, carved in wood and polychrome, of achieved verismo. It is a suffering figure, expiring, with open eyes begging for mercy and head tilted. The carver has worked the anatomy with remarkable detail, creating a slender but muscular body. Baroque iconographic models are followed, bearers of a withdrawn pathos, of a contained suffering. The representation of the crucifixion has undergone an evolution parallel to the liturgical and theological variations of the catholic doctrine in which we want to point out three milestones: at the beginning the paleochristian art omitted the representation of the human figure of Christ and the crucifixion was represented by means of the "Agnus Dei", the mystical lamb carrying the cross of martyrdom. Until the eleventh century Christ is represented crucified but alive and triumphant, with his eyes open, according to the Byzantine rite that does not consider the possibility of the existence of the corpse of Christ. Later, under the theological consideration that the death of the Savior is not due to an organic process but to an act of divine will, Christ is represented, as in our work, already dead with his eyes closed and his head fallen on the right shoulder, showing the sufferings of the passion, provoking commiseration, as referred to in Psalm 22 when he says: "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? (...) a mob of the wicked is near me: they have pierced my hands and my feet (...) they have divided my garments and cast lots for my tunic".

Spanish school of the 17th century. "Crucified Christ". Carved and polychrome wood. Later cross of the twentieth century. Presents faults. Measurements: 26 x 28 x 7 cm (Christ); 56 x 36 x 9 cm (cross). Christ of three nails, carved in wood and polychrome, of achieved verismo. It is a suffering figure, expiring, with the eyes already closed and head tilted. The carver has worked the anatomy with remarkable detail, creating a slender body but with marked musculature, in "déhanchement" or slight movement of the hips that accompanies the bending of a leg and adds expressiveness. Baroque iconographic models are followed, bearers of a withdrawn pathos, of a contained suffering. The cloth of purity is stiffened, printing a play of chiaroscuro. The representation of the crucifixion has undergone an evolution parallel to the liturgical and theological variations of the catholic doctrine in which we want to point out three milestones: at the beginning the paleochristian art omitted the representation of the human figure of Christ and the crucifixion was represented by means of the "Agnus Dei", the mystical lamb carrying the cross of martyrdom. Until the eleventh century Christ is represented crucified but alive and triumphant, with his eyes open, according to the Byzantine rite that does not consider the possibility of the existence of the corpse of Christ. Later, under the theological consideration that the death of the Savior is not due to an organic process but to an act of divine will, Christ is represented, as in our work, already dead with his eyes closed and his head fallen on the right shoulder, showing the sufferings of the passion, provoking commiseration, as referred to in Psalm 22 when he says: "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? (...) a mob of the wicked is near me: they have pierced my hands and my feet (...) they have divided my garments and cast lots for my tunic".

Spanish school; mid-17th century. "Christ crucified". Oil on panel. Measurements: 44 x 28 cm. This representation of the Crucified Christ follows the precepts of the cell crosses, of the type that was placed inside the monks' cells. As is usual for this type and time, the cross is of rectilinear sections, unadorned and worked in an illusionist manner, with a typically Baroque painting of tenebrist light and pathetic expression. Christ appears in the centre, with an expressively deformed anatomy that denotes the survival of Mannerism even in the 17th century. The lighting is halfway between Baroque tenebrism and the artificial light of Mannerism, and in any case creates an illusionist play that is very much in keeping with Baroque sensibility. At his feet we see a representation of Adam's skull. Cell crosses are a very common type of devotional work in Spanish and Latin American convents and monasteries in the 17th and 18th centuries. However, it is not common for them to contain the signature of their author, as is the case here. The crucifixion of Christ is the central theme of Christian iconography and especially of Catholic iconography. Christ was subjected to the suffering that befell slaves who were fugitives or in rebellion, a condemnation that was essentially Roman but of Persian origin. This episode in the life of Christ is the most strictly proven historical fact and is also the main argument for the redemption of Christian doctrine: the blood of God incarnate as man is shed for the redemption of all sins. The representation of the crucifixion has undergone an evolution parallel to the liturgical and theological variations of Catholic doctrine in which we would like to point out three milestones: at first early Christian art omitted the representation of the human figure of Christ and the crucifixion was represented by means of the "Agnus Dei", the mystical lamb carrying the cross of martyrdom. Until the 11th century Christ was represented crucified but alive and triumphant, with his eyes open, in accordance with the Byzantine rite, which did not consider the possibility of the existence of Christ's corpse. Later, under the theological consideration that the death of the Saviour is not due to an organic process but to an act of divine will, Christ is represented, on many occasions, already dead with his eyes closed and his head fallen on his right shoulder, showing the sufferings of the passion, provoking commiseration, as is referred to in Psalm 22 when he says: "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? (...) a mob of the wicked is near me: they have pierced my hands and my feet (...) they have divided my garments and cast lots for my tunic".