Null MOUSTIERS & MARSEILLE Sources and influence. HISTORY OF FRENCH EARTHENWARE.…
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MOUSTIERS & MARSEILLE Sources and influence. HISTORY OF FRENCH EARTHENWARE. Dorothée GUILLEME BRULON. Editions MASSIN.

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MOUSTIERS & MARSEILLE Sources and influence. HISTORY OF FRENCH EARTHENWARE. Dorothée GUILLEME BRULON. Editions MASSIN.

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BECQUEREL (Henri). Autograph manuscript signed at the head, entitled "Sur le rayonnement pénétrant du polonium". One p. 1/2 large folio, marginal splits. "I have recently recognized... in the radiation of polonium, in addition to the absorbable radiation characteristic of this body, the existence of a penetrating radiation producing secondary effects on the metals it encounters and passes through [this is what he set out in his article "Sur le rayonnement du polonium et sur le rayonnement secondaire qu'il produit", published on April 27, 1903 in t. cxxxvi of the Comptes rendus de l'Académie des sciences]. I have also shown that the characteristic absorbable radiation is identical to radium á-rays, that it is characterized by radiation possessing the same magnetic deviability, which is the reverse of that of cathode radiation, and finally... that it weakens with time... like the radiation from activated bodies... In particular, the products used in my first experiments... have almost completely lost their ability to emit á-rays. These products had already been significantly weakened in 1901, when they were used to demonstrate the existence of secondary effects due to penetrating radiation... I then repeated the 1901 experiments with the old products... and obtained tests similar to those of 1901. [He then describes the observations he was able to make at the time, from which emerge] TWO IMPORTANT FACTS: 1° THE INDEPENDENCE BETWEEN PENETRANT RADIATION AND CHANNEL RADIATION, AND 2° THE PERMANENCE OF PENETRANT RADIATION, AND THIS FACT DEFINITELY RANKS POLONIUM IN THE CLASS OF RADIOACTIVE CORPS... The mutual dependence of channel rays, cathode rays or â rays, X-rays, and secondary rays or á rays, could lead to the admission of a dependence between the á, â, and ç [types] of radiation from active bodies, and the independence which has just been established is of such a nature as to profoundly modify certain views on the causes of radioactivity." THE DISCOVERER OF RADIOACTIVITY, PHYSICIAN HENRI BECQUEREL (1852-1908) came from a line of scientists interested in electrical and magnetic phenomena. He himself combined a teaching career at the École Polytechnique and the Muséum d'Histoire with a research career: his work focused on magnetic rotatory polarization (1876), phosphorescence (1882), the infrared spectrum (1883) and light absorption by crystals (1886). Wilhelm Röntgen's discovery of X-rays (1895) enabled him to demonstrate natural radioactivity (1896), paving the way for the work of Pierre and Marie Curie. As a result, he was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics (1903).