基西石鸟 石鸟 基西，塞拉利昂/几内亚 无底 石头。高 23 厘米。 出处：日内瓦 Gérald Minkoff（1937-2009 年）和 Muriel Olesen（1948-2020 年），日内瓦。 已出版： Minkoff (Gérald), 1988, "Le regard et la séduction", Carouge: Galerie Delafontaine.第 7 号 已展出： 德拉方丹画廊，卡鲁日。Le regard et la séduction》（1988 年）。 Gérald Minkoff 在 1988 年的展览目录 "Le regard et la séduction "中作了如下描述： 庞坦雕塑，基西，几内亚 图 7，23 厘米，磷灰石，十六世纪。 基西人本质上是上几内亚和塞拉利昂以及利比里亚的葡萄种植者，但他们并不是雕刻家。虽然我们知道有几件罕见的木雕文物，特别是庞坦人的，但他们从未雕刻过穿孔人像。他们都是通过耕种田地恢复过来的，并不承认自己是作者。他们所属的文明在十六世纪中叶席卷这些地区的大入侵中消失了。 Les paysans Kissi qui les ramassent dans leur sol y reconnaissent, selon un rituel particulier qui fait intervenir le rêve et la divination, le portrait de tel ou tel défunt et conservent ces pomtan (pomdo au singulier) sur les autels familiaux et à leur tour ces figures d'ancêtres peuvent devenir des instrumente de divination.无论是在基西（Kissi）或门德（Mende）还是在沿岸地区发现的图形，其形态特征在整体上都大相径庭。前者一般较为巨大，呈圆柱形，而后者则强调前凸，前部突出，由匀称的躯干支撑，腰部成员从躯干上浮雕出来。 图 7 中的这只鸟是我们认为独一无二的杰作，但它与慕尼黑 Völkerkunde 博物馆藏品中的猛犸象不无相似之处：相同的穿孔质量、相同的身体浮雕方式、相同的大小顺序（慕尼黑的那只尺寸为 31 厘米）、相同的细节雕刻方式。啄木鸟的啄木鸟嘴（三只在前，一只在后）、羽毛（一只鸟的羽毛？这个雕塑并不是在一个稳定的基座上从零开始制作的，我们也不知道基西人是如何将这样一个物体纳入他们的装备中的。 -------------------------------------------- 大多数已知的石雕像都是在舍尔布罗群岛和几内亚之间、利比里亚西部和塞拉利昂坦恩国之间的地区发现的。在基西和门德地区偶然发现的石俑是由田间劳动者发现或在河岸上发掘出来的。 1883 年，英国殖民官员 T.J. Alldridge 率先在 Sherbro 岛发现了两件文物，随后将其卖给了大英博物馆。此后，一些文物被博物馆收藏，另一些则被当地居民保留。 基西人和该地区的大多数其他民族都称这些雕塑为 pomdo（pomtan = 亡者），并将其视为石头变成的祖先，供奉给主人。门德人把他们发现的风格独特的作品称为 nomoli（Mz.）他们知道这些一定是早期文化遗留下来的艺术品，并将其用于生育仪式。 最稀有的石制工艺品是门德地区出产的令人印象深刻的头像，有时甚至是真人大小。它们在当地被称为 mahen yafe（酋长的灵魂），是 poro 邦联的财产。这些头像并不是较大头像的碎片，用作基座的底座也没有破损的迹象。1852 年，英国传教士乔治-汤普森（George Thompson）在一棵树脚下发现了五个这样的物品，所有这些物品都可能是意外或故意损坏的。当他向当地统治者打听这些石头的来历时，他们回答说，这些东西肯定是长在这里的，因为他们的人都不会做这种东西。 1945 年，人类博物馆对大约 300 件物品进行了广泛的矿物学测试，结果表明，大约三分之二的物品是由滑石（=皂石，一种天然存在的化学物质，易于加工）制成的，其余的则是由绿泥石片岩、闪长岩、花岗岩和辉绿岩制成的。 从风格上看，这些工艺品与 16 世纪和 17 世纪早期的非洲-葡萄牙象牙雕刻非常相似，后者是由当地工匠代表葡萄牙贵族在同一地区制作的。欧洲商人将其称为

By participating in the auction the bidder accepts the following auction conditions.

1. The auction objects are auctioned in the name and on the account of the supplier or one of the third parties designated by him. The bid in Swiss francs is accepted from the highest bidder recognized by the auctioneer. In principle, the auctioned item is handed over to the buyer only in return for cash payment. The invoice for a successful bid for an auctioned item is payable within 7 days from the end of the auction. HAMMER AUKTIONEN may use any payment by the purchaser as settlement for any debt which the purchaser owes to HAMMER AUKTIONEN and set off any debt which it owes to the purchaser against its own claims. If the successful bidder defaults on a payment, default interest of 15% p.a. is charged upon the invoiced sum.

2. In addition to the bid price, the successful bidder must pay a surcharge of 26% on top of the the hammer price up to CHF 100'000, and of 21% above CHF 100'000.

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Hammer Auktionen is pleased to offer you free storage for 30 days.

After this 30 days period of free storage, Hammer Auktionen will charge a daily fee of CHF 10 per item for storage and insurance.

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No claims of any kind may be made if the description in the catalogue corresponds to the latest specialist knowledge or the opinion of the majority of authoritative experts at the time when the catalogue was prepared and/or if the fake could not be recognized in accordance with the latest research and with generally accepted and practiced scientific methods at the time when the catalogue was prepared or could only have been recognized by means of a scientific process which was unreasonably expensive or impractical to use or was likely to have caused damage to the property.

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During the said period HAMMER AUKTIONEN is liable for loss, theft, damage or destruction of items which have been auctioned and paid for but only up to the total of the auction price, surcharge and VAT. HAMMER AUKTIONEN ceases to have liability after the said period. No liability can be assumed for frames and glass. If the auctioned items are not collected within 7 days, they are stored at the successful bidder's expense and risk. In such cases, the fees incurred are added to the bid price.

Three weeks after the auction, all furniture and furnishings over 50 cm in bigness will be sent for storage to the warehouse in Basel City. The objects may be collected at the warehouse by contacting the warehouse directly. All storage costs will be invoiced to the buyer by the warehouse. Storage is subject to the business conditions of the warehouse, which are available upon request from the warehouse.

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13. Written bids from potential buyers who cannot attend the auction in person are accepted up to 24 hours before the bidding begins.

Potential buyers may bid by telephone if they have given written notice at least 24 hours before the auction begins. We do not accept telephone bids for amounts under CHF 500. Please leave a written bid or participate in the salesroom.

Potential buyers who intend to place their bids in the course of an Online Auction via the Internet may participate in the auction after their registration applications were approved by HAMMER AUKTIONEN. HAMMER AUKTIONEN reserves the right to decline registration applications at its discretion.

HAMMER AUKTIONEN refuses all liability for any kind of bids as well as advance notifications of telephone bidding which are not taken into consideration. Telephone bidders and persons giving written instructions are also subject to the provisions of Clause 7 relating to proof of identity and of financial soundness. For bidders placing bids in the course of an Online Auction via the Internet Clause 7 only applies with regards to financial soundness. This is in any event without prejudice to Clause 8.

14. The physical auctions (floor sales) are attended by an official of the Basel City Mayor's Office. The attending official, the local authority and the State have no liability for the acts of HAMMER AUKTIONEN.

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The place of performance is Basel and the courts of Basel Stadt have jurisdiction. HAMMER AUKTIONEN may, however, bring legal action before any other competent court.

African and Oceanic Art from the Collections of

Jean-Louis Rinsoz, Marcel Roux, Pierre Vérité, Henri Kamer, Paul Berger-Frei, Gérald and Muriel Minkoff, Charles-Edouard Duflon,

Thierry Santos, Hans und Carla Baumann, René Rickli, Alfons J. Keller, Edwin Bentley Savage, Edith Mbella, Mama Mecano,

Galerie Alain Bovis, Galerie Alain Naoum, Galerie Tribal Art Classics, Galerie Alain Lecomte, Galerie Walu

All items are guaranteed to be as described or your MONEY BACK.

A "Confirmation of Provenance" and a "Right to Dispose" as well as all mentioned certificates will accompany each artwork.

BEST OF LUCK !

Hammer Auktionen