[Binding with coat of arms]. POLIGNAC (Melchior de). Anti-Lucretius sive de Deo et natura, libri novem... Paris, Guérin, 1747. 2 vols. in-8, [3] f. XXX-180 + [2] f. 181-450 p., contemporary havana calf, 5-ribbed spine, havana titles and greeaves, caissons decorated with gilt small irons and bordered with a double gilt fillet, boards framed with a triple gilt fillet, arms stamped in the center, gilt roulette on the edges, red edges, headpieces and corners restored (corners and spines rubbed, 4 white endpapers missing, scattered russets). First edition of this posthumous work, which aimed to "counter the influence of Epicureanism by relying on the physics of Descartes and resorting to the images and language of Lucretius", and which played a major role in the struggle between philosophers and anti-philosophers. (Cf. Sara Patané, L'Anti-Lucretius, Thesis, Toulouse, 2022). It is illustrated with a portrait of the author engraved by J. Daullé after Hyacinthe Rigaud. Provenance: Jean-Louis de La Marthonie de Caussade (1712-1779), bishop of Poitiers and then of Meaux (arms on boards, similar to OHR 1841 but less clear, and label on front cover); old handwritten bookplate on title, "Rolle".