2 Kru monnaies prépayées, "nitien 2 monnaies prépayées, "nitien". Kru, Libéria / Côte d'Ivoire Sans socle / without base Alliages de cuivre. L 15 - 20 cm. Provenance : Gérald Minkoff (1937-2009) et Muriel Olesen (1948-2020), Genève. En raison de la valeur des matières premières transformées, la monnaie dite primitive était également un investissement de valeur, et était également utilisée comme moyen d'échange et de paiement. Ces moyens de paiement pré-monnayés, aux formes standardisées, étaient échangés sur de longues distances. En Afrique, l'utilisation de manillas importées en alliage de cuivre comme objets d'échange remonte au moins au 16e siècle, lorsque les Portugais ont établi des comptoirs en Afrique de l'Ouest. Au fil du temps, ces produits importés ont été refondus et moulés ou forgés dans de nouvelles formes, tandis que d'autres matériaux, comme le fer, étaient de plus en plus échangés de la même manière. Au début du 20e siècle, la plupart des puissances coloniales ont interdit ces formes monétaires comme moyen de paiement afin d'établir leurs propres monnaies. Littérature complémentaire : Victor, Robert (1986). Monnaies Premières. Wormhout : Robert Victor. Voir : Ballarini, Roberto (2009). La forme parfaite. Sur la piste de la monnaie tribale africaine. Milan : Galleria Africa Curio. Page 126. ----------------------------------------------------- Gérald Minkoff et Muriel Olesen Muriel Minkoff-Olesen (1948- 2020) a suivi sa formation à l'École d'arts appliqués de Genève. Gérald Minkoff (1937-2009) était anthropologue et biologiste de formation. Tous deux accèdent à la notoriété en tant qu'artistes et dès leur rencontre en 1967, ce couple emblématique de l'art contemporain est inséparable. Le duo Olesen-Minkoff, passionné de voyages, a exploré la vie comme des nomades curieux et a ainsi parcouru le globe, de l'Afrique à la Patagonie en passant par l'Asie, l'Océanie et l'Amérique. En tant qu'artistes et collectionneurs expérimentés d'art contemporain, ils avaient bien entendu une sensibilité marquée pour l'esthétique et les concepts de l'art extra-européen. L'appartement genevois du couple, peut-être leur plus belle œuvre commune, est ainsi devenu un lieu où les œuvres d'amis proches comme Daniel Spoerri, Arman et Man Ray, ainsi que leurs propres photographies, cohabitaient avec près d'un millier d'objets d'Afrique, d'Océanie, d'Asie et d'Amérique du Sud. CHF 200 / 400 Poids en grammes : 5255 État L'état de ce lot (usure, traces d'utilisation, déchirures, autres détériorations éventuelles et les traces d'ancienneté, etc. ) est visible sur les photos que nous avons téléchargées pour votre documentation. N'hésitez pas à contacter Hammer Auctions pour toute question concernant ce lot ([email protected]). Les informations relatives à l'état des objets, fournies par souci de pertinence aux personnes intéressées, ne sont qu'une opinion et ne doivent pas être traitées comme des affirmations de fait. Hammer Auctions décline toute responsabilité en cas d'erreur ou d'omission. Dans le cas rare où l'article ne correspond pas à la description du catalogue, Hammer Auctions est là pour vous aider. Les acheteurs peuvent retourner le lot pour un remboursement complet, à condition que Hammer Auctions en ait été informé dans les 5 jours suivant la réception du lot.

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The place of performance is Basel and the courts of Basel Stadt have jurisdiction. HAMMER AUKTIONEN may, however, bring legal action before any other competent court.

African Ethnograhic Art from Gérald & Muriel MINKOFF, Galerie Walu and others Swiss Private Collections.

All items are guaranteed to be as described or your MONEY BACK. 

A "Confirmation of Provenance" and a "Right to Dispose" as well as all mentioned certificates will accompany each artwork. 

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Hammer Auktionen