197 - “Cosmography (Rudimentorum Cosmographicorum),” by Johannes Honterus, in Latin, Zurich, 1564, with 16 woodcuts, 12 of which are double-page; an extremely rare collector’s piece., A highly valuable work: an edition of the first geographical atlas, authored by the Transylvanian humanist Johannes Honterus. Born into a wealthy family in Brașov, Honterus was enrolled at the University of Vienna in 1520. In 1529, during the siege of Vienna, he took refuge in Regensburg, and the following year, 1530, he became a prominent member of the faculty at the University of Kraków. Drawn to the cultural ferment of Switzerland, he settled in Basel for several years, where he learned the arts of engraving and printing; it was there that he published his map of Transylvania. In 1533, Honterus returned to his native Brașov, where he held various administrative offices in the city and also worked to establish a printing press and a paper mill. He played a particularly important role in reorganising education in Brașov and providing the school with a suitable library. Johannes Honterus is also closely associated with the spread of the Reformation in Transylvania, of which he was one of the leading proponents. The importance of the work, together with additions made by the author, led to the publication of numerous editions: the first appeared in Kraków in 1530, followed by others in Kraków (1534), Basel (1534, 1535, 1561), Brașov (1541, 1542, 1548–1549), Bratislava (1542), and Zürich (1546, 1548—two editions, 1549, 1552, 1558, 1564). This edition is recorded in the Hungarian specialist bibliography RMK, III, no. 530, as well as by Andrei Veress, *Bibliografia română-ungară*, vol. I, Bucharest, 1931, no. 63, p. 25. Leaves 10–11 contain the text describing the Romanian lands, while leaves 38v–39r show a map of southeastern Europe. Within the areas labelled “Transylvania,” “Dacia,” “Valachia,” and “Moldavia,” several settlements can be identified, including Oradea, Sibiu, Brașov, Bistrița, Târgoviște, and Brăila. The rear pastedown bears a manuscript note, specifically a biographical account of Johannes de Sacrobosco, a thirteenth-century astronomer. An old library shelfmark is also preserved. The work contains a series of engraved maps, and the binding is covered with fragments from another printed book, probably dating from the incunabular period. Octavo, comprising [30] leaves + [2] blank leaves + [14] leaves + [2] blank leaves; printed in black, in a single column, with 24 lines per page. The volume is bound in boards covered with fragments from an older printed book, probably dating from the incunabular period; the spine is parchment. The binding is in good condition, with visible signs of wear. The text block is in good condition, with visible signs of wear, browning of the paper, and dampstains. Title page: library shelfmark “III. C. a”. The rear pastedown bears a manuscript note in Latin, in fact a brief biography of Iohannes de Sacro Busco, discussing his origins: some consider him English, others German, but it is stated that his name derives not from a tomb (*bustum*), but from a forest. He lived and died in Paris in [12]56, during the reign of Emperor Frederick, Pope Innocent IV, and King Alfonso of Spain. He was interested in astronomy. He was buried in a cemetery in Paris, and in 1520 his tomb was restored and adorned with a sphere. Leaves 10–11 contain the text describing the Romanian lands, while leaves 38v–39r show a map of southeastern Europe. Within the areas labelled “Transylvania,” “Dacia,” “Valachia,” and “Moldavia,” several settlements can be identified, including Oradea, Sibiu, Brașov, Bistrița, Târgoviște, and Brăila, 14.5 x 9.5, This lot is being classified by the Romanian Ministry of Heritage.