1068 - Seven small iron axes, two arrowheads, a fire steel, a spur, a bridle, a fragment of a bridle, Late Iron Age – High Middle Ages, 7th century B.C. – 12th century A.D.

Seven small iron axes, two arrowheads, a fire steel, a spur, a bridle, a fragment of a bridle, Late Iron Age – High Middle Ages, 7th century B.C. – 12th century A.D. 1) Iron tulle axe, with a curved, tapering cutting edge. 7th century B.C. – 1st century A.D. 2–7) Collection of six miniature axes or precision tools. Including: 2) Miniature cross-shaped pickaxe, Roman, 1st–3rd centuries. Length 9 cm. 3) Small axe with a trapezoidal blade and a pointed, downward-tapering neck. Roman–Medieval. 2nd–14th centuries. Length 8.5 cm. 4–6) Three axes with trapezoidal blades—in two examples, tapering downward—and with a blunt, straight neck directly behind the tang hole. Roman, 2nd–5th centuries AD. Length 5.7–9.7 cm. 7) Bearded axe with a blade tapering sharply downward and a blunt, straight neck. Roman, 3rd–5th centuries AD. Length 8.8 cm. 8–9) Two iron arrowheads, one with a barb. Merovingian. 6.7 cm–7.7 cm. 10) Bridle with a two-piece bit and a U-shaped curb chain featuring a tab in the center and two side rings. Roman. 3rd–5th centuries AD. Length 25.5 cm. 11) Fragment of a bridle with a bar from a one-piece bit, featuring a ring on the side with trapezoidal cheek pieces attached to it. Roman? Length 13 cm. 12) Spur with a long shank, ending in a square, pyramidal tip. The shanks end in eyeglass-shaped loops with two holes. Salian. 10th–11th centuries. 13) Fire steel, blunt, flat underside, tapering to a trapezoid at one end and to a spike at the other. Medieval. 11th–12th centuries. Length 7 cm. CULTURAL HERITAGE! Provenance: From the Axel Guttmann Collection, acquired in the 1980s and 1990s on the German art market. Condition: II -