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French School (late 18th Century) Landscape with distant castle, possibly an Italian view oil on board Unframed: 27.5 x 44.2 cm. (10 3/4 x 17 1/2 in.) Framed: 34 x 49.5 cm. (13 1/2 x 19 1/2 in.) The Collection of Thomas Barlow (1883-1964), Manchester; Thence by descent to his daughter, Theodora Gertrude Winter (née Barlow) (1912-2003); Thence by descent to the present owner. Literature: B. Nicholson, ‘Current and Forthcoming exhibitions’, in The Burlington Magazine, vol. CX, no. 782, May 1968, p.295, reproduced no.90 (as attributed to Thomas Jones) Exhibited: Manchester, Whitworth Art Gallery, Paintings from Sir Thomas Barlow's Collection, 22 March - 4 May 1968, no.14 (as unattributed, with suggested attributions to Thomas Jones (1742-1803), Pierre-Henri de Valenciennes (1750-1819) and Jean-Joseph-Xavier Bidauld (1758-1846)) This engaging panoramic landscape, dating from the late eighteenth century, exemplifies the distinctive handling of light and atmosphere characteristic of French artists who worked in Italy during this period. The painting was previously attributed by Francis W. Hawcroft to the renowned Welsh artist Thomas Jones (1742-1803), who travelled to Italy in 1776 and remained there for the following seven years. Alternative attributions have also been proposed, including Pierre-Henri de Valenciennes (1750-1819) and Jean-Joseph-Xavier Bidauld (1758-1846), which have now been disregarded. In the eighteenth century, Rome was an important crossroads for European travellers and a source of influence for French artists who travelled to the Eternal City to begin their artistic careers. When Nicholas Vleughels (1668-1737) became the director of Académie de France in Rome in 1725, he encouraged young artists to paint and sketch in situ, leading many to travel and explore the surrounding countryside outside of Rome, which was a constant source of inspiration. While many drew on traditional methods of portraying the idyllic countryside, filling landscapes with historical, religious, or mythological scenes, others chose a naturalistic approach in portraying the land and the communities living there. The accomplished studies of light and atmosphere by Adrien Manglard (1695-1760), Claude-Joseph Vernet (1714-1789) and Pierre-Henri de Valenciennes (1750-1819) helped to bring landscape to the forefront in the following century, leading the way for artists of the Barbizon School.
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