22 - Madrid school; 17th century.

Madrid school; 17th century. “Procession of Jesuits in Rome.” Oil on canvas. Relined. Features a label on the back. Measurements: 44 x 72.5 cm; 57 x 86.5 cm (frame). A historical-religious painting depicting a solemn procession of members of the Society of Jesus, accompanied by various figures participating in the procession, some of whom are kneeling in an attitude of veneration. The horizontal composition depicts an episode of particular significance for the history of the Church and the Jesuit order, making the scene a visual testament to the solemnity and significance of its early years. The work stands out for its dynamic pictorial language, with a fluid, sketchy rendering of the figures, whose profiles and poses are rendered through loose brushstrokes that lend movement and spontaneity to the composition as a whole. The treatment of color, marked by a distinctly Venetian sensibility, and the fluidity in the construction of the figures reveal the artist’s assimilation of Italian models, particularly those of the Neapolitan pictorial tradition. These stylistic elements allow the work to be linked to the Madrid art scene of the final decades of the 17th century, when court painting underwent a profound renewal under the influence of Italian trends. In this context, the influence of Luca Giordano is particularly significant; his arrival in Spain in 1692, in the service of Charles II, provided a major impetus for the spread of the Italian Baroque style. His extraordinary freedom of execution, the prominence of color, and his fluid treatment of figures left a profound mark on the painters active in Madrid during the final years of the century. This painting shares that Italianate sensibility. From an iconographic standpoint, the scene may allude to the papal approval of the Society of Jesus by Paul III, an event that took place in Rome on September 27, 1540, when the pontiff issued the papal bull *Regimini militantis Ecclesiae*, by which he officially recognized the new religious order. The presence of Jesuit priests and the figures accompanying them is consistent with this interpretation, although the specific identification of the episode must be considered a hypothesis pending documentary confirmation. Due to its unusual subject matter, its connection to the history of the Society of Jesus, and its significance as evidence of the influence of Italian models on late-17th-century Madrid painting, the work is a particularly compelling example of Spanish Baroque painting.