9 - Dan mask for men. Liberia, first half of the 20th century.

Dan mask for men. Liberia, first half of the 20th century. Carved wood, brass, and plant fibers. Measurements: 25 x 15 x 8 cm; approx. 40 cm including plant fibers. Ceremonial mask of the Dan people, who are primarily settled in Liberia and Ivory Coast, whose sculptural tradition is one of the most notable expressions of African art. The piece features an oval face of striking expressiveness, with a broad forehead, narrow, almond-shaped eyes, a prominent nose, and a slightly parted mouth that reveals the teeth. Notable features include the clear details that highlight the facial features, the upper border of geometric motifs, and the plant fibers forming a thick beard, which accentuate its masculine and ceremonial character. In Dan culture, masks play a fundamental role as manifestations of the spirits known as gle—supernatural entities that intervene in the social, spiritual, and ritual life of the community. Each mask can take on different functions, ranging from protection and conflict resolution to participation in ceremonies and celebrations. The expressive intensity of this piece, its meticulous carving, and the combination of materials reflect the symbolic richness and extraordinary artistic power of the Dan sculptural tradition, whose influence proved decisive in the development of the European artistic avant-garde of the 20th century.