160 - [AUTOGRAPH]. FLAUBERT (Gustave). HANDWRITTEN NOTES FOR *L'Éducation sentimentale*. [Croisset, ca. 1867]. One and a half pages on a folio-sized sheet. Minor paper losses in the margins; a corner loss that does not affect the text, reinforced with tape covering three words without impeding readability; four small pieces of tape used to reinforce tears. HANDWRITTEN MEDICAL NOTES ON CRUP taken while reading the work *Clinique médicale de l’Hôtel-Dieu de Paris* by Armand TROUSSEAU, first published in two volumes in 1861–62. Flaubert even specifies at the top of the page: “Vol. 1, p. 335.” Flaubert read Trousseau’s book in December 1867: “As for my reading, I have recently devoted myself to the study of croup. There is no style more long-winded and empty than that of doctors! What chatterboxes!” (letter to Jules Duplan, December 15, 1867). Flaubert used these notes to describe in his novel the illness of the young Eugène Arnoux, who was suffering from “croup,” a serious respiratory condition that prompted Madame Arnoux to cancel the romantic rendezvous she had initially agreed to with Frédéric. When her son recovers by expelling the false membrane characteristic of the disease, she sees it as a sign from Providence. This is therefore an IMPORTANT EPISODE IN FLAUBERT’S NOVEL, as this event influences Madame Arnoux’s decisions and forces her to give up her plans to become Frédéric’s mistress. Certain clinical descriptions by Trousseau are clearly reflected in Flaubert’s text. For example, in Trousseau’s description at the bottom of page 341 of the 1865 edition, the following is noted: “The cough is not loud or resounding, but rather hoarse, muffled, and dry, producing a sound comparable to the distant barking of a young dog,” which becomes, in Flaubert’s notes, “the cough is not resonant or loud, but hoarse and muffled like the distant barking of a young dog,” before appearing in the novel’s text in its final form: “His cough resembled the sound of those crude mechanical devices that make cardboard dogs yelp.” Manuscript accompanied by its CERTIFICATE OF EXPORT FOR A CULTURAL PROPERTY, issued by the Ministry of Culture on November 25, 2009. ¶ René Dumesnil, “Flaubert and Sentimental Education,” which publishes these notes on pp. 54–55.